Biography D and Harms

He gave the girls and boys poems and stories that, having passed for many years, became immortal. Such works include “amazing cat”, “liar”, “very terrible story”, “firstly and secondly”, “a man came out of the house”, “old woman”, etc. Childhood and youth Daniil Ivanovich Yuvachev was born on December 17 on the cultural capital of Russia-the city of St. Petersburg. The boy grew up and was brought up in an intelligent and wealthy family.

His father Ivan Pavlovich also left a mark in history: initially he positioned himself as a revolutionary-narodol, and miraculously avoiding the death penalty, changed his views on life and became a spiritual writer. Daniil Harms with a pipe is known that during a trip to Sakhalin, where he stayed in eight -year -old hard labor, his father Daniil Harms met with Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, who made Yuvachev a prototype of a revolutionary in his work “The story of an unknown person”, the link helped Juvachev from non -paradant sentiments, and, having experienced all the hardships of fate, in the year.

Ivan Pavlovich returned to St. Petersburg, where he served in the inspectorate of the management of savings cash desks, worked in the editorial office and was engaged in literary activities. Daniil’s father Harms Yuvachev Sr. talked not only with Chekhov, but also in a friendly correspondence with Voloshin and Tolstoy. In the year, Ivan Pavlovich made a marriage proposal to Nadezhda Ivanovna Kolyubakina, who came from a noble family, who settled in the Saratov province.

She managed the shelter and was known as the comforter of women who visited captivity. And if Nadezhda Ivanovna raised her children in love, then Ivan Pavlovich adhered to strict rules regarding the behavior of offspring. In addition to Daniel, the spouses had a daughter Elizabeth, and two other children died at an early age. Daniil Harms in childhood when the first grains of the revolution grew on the territory of the Russian Empire, the future poet studied at the Die Realschule privileged German school, which was part of Petrishul, the first educational institution founded in St.

Petersburg in the year. The main breadwinner in the house had a beneficial effect on his son: thanks to his father, Daniil began to study foreign languages ​​English and German, and also fell in love with scientific literature. Daniil Harms in childhood by rumors, the son of Ivan Pavlovich studied well, but the little boy, however,, like all the children, was characterized by pranks: to avoid the punishment of teachers, Daniel sometimes played acting, pretending to an orphan.

After receiving the certificate of maturity, the young man chose a mundane path and entered the Leningrad Energy College. However, the Harms did not stay long at the bench of this educational institution: the negligent student did not bother to get a diploma due to the fact that he often skipped classes and did not participate in public work. Poems after Daniil Yuvachev was expelled from the Leningrad College, he began to engage in literary activity.

Although, it is worth saying that his love of creativity appeared in the early years: as a schoolboy, he composed an interesting fairy tale, which he read to his four -year -old sister Natalia, whose early death was a shock for the future poet. Daniil Harms in his youth Daniil Ivanovich did not want to see himself as a prose writer and chose the work of poems with his sweating. But the first creative attempts of the novice poet resembled an incoherent stream of thought, and the father of the young man did not share the literary addictions of his son, since he was a adherent of strict and classical literature in the person of Leo Tolstoy and Mikhail Lermontov.

In the years, Daniil Yuvachev becomes Daniil Harms. By the way, some writers are still fighting over the unraveling of secrets, which enveloped the creative pseudonym, assigned to the world famous author of children's poems. According to rumors, the son of Ivan Pavlovich explained to the friend that his nickname comes from the English word “Harm”, which means “harm” in Russian.

However, there is an assumption that the word “Harms” came from the French “charme” - “charm, charm”. It was also used that the poet signed in a passport with a pencil near the real name through the Harms dash, and then completely legitimized his pseudonym. The talented literary figure believed that one constant nickname brings misfortune, so Daniil Ivanovich had many pseudonyms that changed like gloves: Kharms, Haarms, Dandan, Daniil Shardam, etc.

Daniil Harms on the graphite in the years Daniil Ivanovich begins his creative biography. The young man not only composes poems, but also recites other people's works on performances to the public.

Also in the year, Harms joins the ranks of the All -Russian Union of Poets, but the writer was excluded three years later for non -payment of membership fees. At that time, the poet was inspired by the work of Velikhir Khlebnikov and Casimir Malevich.Just as Mayakovsky once called for other futurists to discard the modern Dostoevsky and Pushkin from the steamer, the “chinars” refused conservative forms of art, promoting the original methods of depicting reality, grotesque and absurd poetics.

Illustrations for the book of Daniil Harms, they not only read poems, but also arranged dance evenings on which the who came to dance foxtrot. At the end of the year, thanks to Marshak, Oleinikov and Zhitkov, Daniil Harms and his associates begin to compose poems for children. Moreover, Yuvachev, in addition to the poems, published stories, painted caricatures and puzzles, which both children and their parents solved.

The portrait of Daniil Harms is not to say that such a occupation brought Harms an unprecedented pleasure: Daniil Ivanovich did not like children, but children's literature was the only source of income for a talented writer. In addition, Yuvachev approached his work thoroughly and tried to scrupulously work out absolutely every work, unlike his friend Vvedensky, who, according to some researchers, loved to hack and treated his duties extremely irresponsibly.

Harms managed to gain popularity among little boys and girls to whom mothers and dads, grandparents read poems about cats who did not want to taste the vinaigrette from onions and potatoes, about a pot -bellied samovar and a cheerful old man who was afraid of spiders. Daniil Harms in prison is amazing, but even the author of harmless works for the children was persecuted by the authorities, who considered some works of Yuvachev non -paradise.

Thus, the illustrated book “Nacerrower” did not pass censorship and was “under the curtain” for ten years, from the years. It got to the point that in December the Harms and his comrades were arrested for the propaganda of anti -Soviet literature: Daniil Ivanovich and Vvedensky were sent to Kursk. It is not for nothing that personal life at most illustrations Daniil Ivanovich is captured with a tobacco pipe, since in life a gifted poet practically did not let it out and sometimes smoked right on the go.

Contemporaries used to say that Yuvachev was dressed strange. Harms did not pace the fashionable boutiques, but ordered clothes at the tailor. Daniil Harms and Alice torn in this way, the writer was the only one in the city who wore short pants, under which golfs or hetras were visible. But his eccentric habits, for example, Harms sometimes stood by the window in which his mother gave birth to others from seeing his spiritual kindness.

Also, the poet never raised his voice, was a correct and polite person. They terribly liked how he was dressed, how he walks, when he suddenly stops. But they were and cruel - they threw stones at him. He did not pay any attention to their tricks, he was completely calm. Walked and walked. And he also did not react to the views of adults, ”recalled Marina Malich. As for the love relationship, the first chosen one of Daniil Ivanovich was a certain Esther Rusakov.

Harms devoted an unprecedented number of poems to his passion, but their love was not cloudless: according to rumors, Yuvachev went to the left, and Rusakova burned with jealousy, as evidenced by the poet's diary notes. In the year, the couple issued an official divorce. Lovers lived hand in hand until Yuvachev’s arrest, which occurred in the year. Death in August of the year Daniil Ivanovich, having again transgressed the law, was arrested for the spread of objectionable moods: the writer allegedly said that the USSR would lose in the war, which, according to the researchers, are rewritten from the denunciation.

Memorial boards in honor of Daniil Harms to avoid the death penalty, Harms pretended to be mentally ill, so he was determined into a psychiatric clinic where the year died on February 2. After 18 years, his sister managed to restore the good name of his brother, who was rehabilitated by the Prosecutor General. The bibliography is “about how Kolka Pankin flew to Brazil, and Petka Ershov did not believe anything” - “Ivan Ivanovich Samovar” - “About how the old woman bought an ink” - “About how dad shot me a ferret” - “cats” - “plih and plum” translation of the work of Wilhelm Bush - “fox and hare”.