Famous nurse biography
Florence Nightingale, the creator of the independent nursing profession, Florence Nightingale, the creator of the independent nursing profession, Florence Nightingale, the first researcher and founder of modern nursing, made a revolution in public consciousness and in views on the role and place of the nurse in the protection of society. There are many definitions of nursing, each of which was influenced by the features of the historical era and national culture, the level of socio-economic development of society, the demographic situation, the needs of the population for medical care, the state of the healthcare system and the provision of its personnel, as well as the representations and views of a person that formulates this concept.
Having first allocated two areas in nursing - caring for patients and caring for healthy people - she defined the care of the healthy ones as “maintaining a person in which the disease does not occur”, while leaving for the patients as “helping the suffering from the disease to live the most full life bringing satisfaction”. Nightingale expressed a firm conviction that "in fact, his nursing business as a profession differs from medical activity and requires special, different from medical knowledge." For the first time in history, she applied scientific methods in solving the problems of nursing.
The first schools created according to its model in Europe, and then in America, were autonomous and secular. Teaching in them led the sisters themselves, paying special attention to the formation of special nursing knowledge, skills and values. Professional values understood respect for the personality of the patient, his honor, dignity and freedom, manifestation of attention, love and care, preservation of confidentiality, as well as observing professional duty.
It is no accident that the motto of the first honorary international nursing society became the words: love, courage, honor. The biography of F. Nightingale was born in the city of she received a comprehensive education, which only men received then. Contemporaries noted that Florence was a very talented woman, she could realize her abilities in various fields of activity.
All her life she devoted to serving people. In the city, when the terrifying facts about the situation of the wounded in military hospitals located in Turkey became known, the Government of England decided to organize the service of mercy sisters, led by Miss Nightingale. Having carefully selected 20 women for this mission, the Nightingale arrived in the location of the English troops and began work in the hospitals of G.
it is noteworthy that at the same time G. was led by the great surgeon N. Thus, people who saved many and many lives and carried out the care of the wounds served in both warring camps. At first, the activity of Florence greeted distrust from the surgeons, but the official post she occupied provided the necessary freedom, so she was able to show her wonderful organizational talent.
The main advantage of Florence was that, unlike the Muzhchin doctors who were nearby, she understood: the wounded needs constant competent care after medical interventions. Miss Nightingale and her sisters set about titanic work: they cleaned the huts, organized hot food, bandaged the wounded, and looked after the sick. Florence created a assistance system: increased the number of chambers to eliminate the crowded wounded, organized kitchens, laundry.
She believed that the work of the sisters of mercy was to save the wounded not only physically, but also spiritually: take care of their leisure, organize the readers, and help to establish correspondence with relatives. Pupils of this school received thorough scientific training. Florence emphasized that "inherently, nursing as a profession differs from medical activity and requires special knowledge," that "the management of management in hospitals must take on specially trained sisters." Using modern terminology, we can say that F.
Nightingale laid the foundations of management in nursing. She raised the prestige of the work of the sister of mercy. F. Nightingale's book “Notes for Carrying on Patients”, doctors of that time appreciated very highly, considering it an outstanding textbook. Her idea still sounds modern: "You need to follow the healthy so that they do not become sick." Florence first showed the influence of environmental factors on human health, thus laying the foundations of modern prevention.
Notes about the departure of her books, especially the famous “Notes of Care”, have remained the main textbook for nurses for many years. Now they have remained a self -portrait of Florence Nightingale - with her attentive and insightful look, truly English humor and love for a sick person. Florence outlined the basic principles of her system in the already named “care notes”, which were translated into different languages.
The popularity of this book is also confirmed by the fact that the Russian translation of the year was made from the 28th English publication.In “notes” she writes about things that now seem elementary and even outdated in something, but in the 19th century her statements made a real splash, since the simplest information about the hygiene and psychology of the patient for many turned out to be a revelation.
Later, the principles presented by the founding will become a common place in the patient care system, for example, the similar and equally famous book by the surgeon T. Bilrot is largely based on what Florence said. From the chapter “General remarks” “every woman by nature of the nurse is the conviction of the huge majority of people. In fact, most of even professional seats do not know the ABC of patient care.
As for grandmothers, aunts and Mameneck, even in a nearby even in educated families they create the greatest inconsistencies when caring for patients - the completely opposite of what should be done. It is necessary to strictly investigate what is usually called “take measures against the disease”, that is, to be treated with drugs. If the doctor had prescribed clean air, cleanliness, etc., in reality from taking drugs and artificial treatment, one cannot expect the correct result at all ...
taking medication is a secondary matter; The main thing is the right, hygienic situation and skillful, reasonable care of the sick. ” From the chapter “On noise and anxiety” “noise, the most harmful to the patient, is the one that excites him for one reason or another; At the same time, the strength of the sounds that he hears is relatively small. If, for example, there is a construction site in the neighborhood, always accompanied by a loud noise, then this latter will be much less disturbing the patient than a dialect or whisper in the next room, when the patient realizes that people are close to him there.
An outrageous cruelty is the conversation, led by a whisper in the patient’s room itself, since the latter inevitably tries to hear every word that costs him incredible efforts. For the same reasons, in no way should you enter the patient’s room on tiptoe or to do some kind of work quietly; You need to walk with a hard step, but as soon as possible, and in the same way do not try to reduce the noise during the work done, but only care that it is completed as quickly as possible: those who think that slowness and noiselessness are signs of rational care of the patients are very mistaken; On the contrary, the signs of this are speed, and you need to try to do so that the patient can determine what to do without the slightest effort to make.
From the chapter of “concern for diversity” “from personal experience, every person should know how unbearably lying in one place and see before with all the same wall, unable to look through the window outside. In this regard, the hospital situation is in particular depressing way. Even experienced nurses do not care at all about it. They themselves do not miss, but the sick, entrusted to them, make them languish in hopeless longing, count the flies on the ceiling and study the cracks in the plaster.
It never occurred to them to rearrange, for example, the patient’s bed so that at least he immediately sees incoming and leaving the room, to take him with a pleasant short-term conversation, to please him with some novelty. From the chapter “On the essence of caring for patients in general” “The main art of the nurse is to immediately guess the patient's desires. Unfortunately, many nurses mix their responsibilities with the duties of the servants, and the patient with furniture, or generally with the thing that needs to be kept clean and nothing more.
The nurse should rather be a nanny, who loves the child who has been entrusted with her care and understands all the shades of his voice, warning all of him, so to speak, the legal requirements, able to say with him so that he understands her, although he still does not know how to speak. It should be noted that a really sick person will be more willing to transfer all kinds of deprivations than to accept the work of thinking about what he actually lacks or in what relation to him is unsatisfactory.
Why every day repeat the same questions: “You may want tea?
After all, the answers to these questions are known in advance, but meanwhile they only annoy the patient. In general, the nurse should be distinguished by silence and restraint; Boltun nurses and gossip are not suitable. The more solid the nurse, the better. The disease is a very serious matter, and therefore a frivolous attitude towards it is unforgivable. But first of all - you need to love the case of courtship for patients, otherwise it is better to choose another kind of activity.
” The patient, according to Nightingale, primarily needs warmth and clean air, “Windows exist to open them to open them, and the doors in order to close them,” and the nurse should not be opened to the hallway, where the gas horns are smoked, and the air is impregnated with the smell of slopes and the kitchen.You can not put a night pot under the bed - since harmful fumes are impregnated with a mattress - and of course it is not enough to pour it once a day.
Let the patient be filled with the sun that cleanses the air: "All patients turn their face to light, like plants that always turn leaves and flowers to the light." Ideal purity should reign in the room, for which the floors should be wiped with a wet, and not a dry rag, rub them with wax, in addition, to knock out carpets - true mud seedlings. The patient himself, of course, should be periodically washed: he sometimes does not tremble because of the fever, but because of the underwear that was not changed in time.
Feeding must be strictly regulated: even a delay in ten minutes can cause a delay in digesting food for several hours. Every patient needs a variety of diversity and absence of noise, the need for which is as strong as the need for hungry for food. So, one worker damaged himself the spinal column: the disease was severe and long - before his death he expressed a desire to look out the window for the last time.
Two sisters fulfilled his request, although one of them, when he kept him, was torn and fell ill with an almost incurable disease. The patient is harmful to the noise, but not the one that is a thunder, but the one that causes him the greatest concern, and outrageous cruelty on the part of the doctor to conduct a half -time conversation about the sick in his own room; The unfortunate will strain everything to hear and be nervous, but there is nothing worse than the unknown.
The patient must learn to fight his illness himself, and much depends on himself, as one doctor remarked well: "... when my patient begins to count the carriages in his funeral procession, I take off fifty percent from the healing power of drugs." About the advice of relatives and about imaginary sick, visitors and relatives should not torment the patient with various tips and instructions on how to be treated.
Whereas ... doctors forbade me all sorts of enhanced movements, all sorts of travels and prescribed the strictest diet. ” The recovery period, like a disease, is a special condition of the body passing through special periods. Both recovering, and still patients should be treated as children. It is necessary to be able to distinguish between imaginary and truly sick, since the care of those and others is diametrically opposite.
For example, the imaginary decisively refuse to eat when they are offered it, however, if you leave something edible on the table, then they eat everything found at night, while the truly patient will try to boast of the doctor, how much he ate. The qualities of a professional nurse when caring for patients often fall into two extremes: either they indulge their whims and do not leave for a minute at rest, or on the contrary, are limited to purely external things, ignoring the spiritual state of the wards.
The first to sin by mothers and wives, and the second - nurses and sisters of mercy. The departure should be reasonable, and, in essence, it comes down to outwardly inconspicuous, but extremely important little things. The caring nurse can read in the patient's eyes, understanding every expression on his face. This does not mean that it is necessary to constantly stare at it: the personal participation of the sister should be little noticeable from the side, but it should be felt even in those moments when it is absent, but everything happens by itself - this is the difficulty of leaving.
The patient should get rid of strange questions, such as “Would you like anything? To give accurate information about the patient according to his statements is much more difficult than they usually think. In his lips, the words “I slept perfectly” can mean ten hours spent in a dream and two hours of naps during a hard night. Experience is in the acquisition of observation, and not in the number of labor years.
You can’t become experienced on the basis that “it has always been done”, and it is stupidity that “every woman is naturally a nurse”, because even those who even consider themselves professional nurses, sometimes do not know the elementary alphabet of care. Medal Florence Nightingale on May 14 at the IX of the International Red Cross Conference, held in Washington, was established by the Florence Nightingale medal in memory of the good deeds of the English sister of mercy, who voluntarily devoted his whole life to the care of the sick and wounded and improve the sanitary conditions in hospitals.
This medal is the highest award for the sisters of mercy, which is awarded on the birthday of Florence Nightingale - May 12, once every two years. So the name Florence Nightingale has become a symbol of international mercy. When using them, quoting and reprinting a mandatory requirement, is a link to the official website on the global Internet. Site development.