Parents Shostakovich Biography

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. His parents were from Siberia, where their grandfather was exiled along the paternal line of the future composer for participating in the people of the people. The boy’s father - Dmitry Boleslavovich was a chemical engineer and a passionate music lover. Mother - Sofya Vasilievna, studied at one time at the conservatory, was a good pianist and teacher of the piano game for beginners.

In addition to Dmitry, two more girls grew up in the family. The older sister of Mitya - Maria later became a pianist, and the younger Zoya became a veterinarian. When Mitya turned 8 years old, the First World War began. Listening to the constant conversations of adults about the war, the little boy wrote his first musical work “Soldier”. Dmitry Shostakovich on the cover of Time magazine in the year Mitya is given to study at the gymnasium.

In the same period, the boy was seriously carried away by music. Mother became his first teacher, and a few months later Little Shostakovich began training at the music school of a famous teacher I. in Shostakovich at the Petrograd Conservatory. His teachers in the piano class were A. Rozanova and L. Dmitry graduated from the Conservatory in two classes at once: in the year according to the piano, and two years later and according to the composition.

In the year, the premiere of the symphony in Leningrad took place. Musical critics talked about Shostakovich as a composer who was able to make up for the loss of the Soviet Union that emigrated from the country Sergey Rachmaninov, Igor Stravinsky and Sergei Prokofiev. The famous conductor Bruno Walter was delighted with the symphony and asked Shostakovich to send him the score of the work to Berlin.

Gogol and N. Waltz of critics perceived the opera Shostakovich “Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk district” almost with enthusiasm, but the “leader of the peoples” did not like it. Naturally, a sharply negative article comes out immediately - “Climb instead of music”. A few days later, another publication appears - “ballet falsehood”, in which Shostakovich’s ballet “light stream” is subjected to devastating criticism.

From the further troubles of Shostakovich, the appearance of the fifth symphony, which Stalin himself commented, saved: "The answer of the Soviet artist to fair criticism." The composer began work on the seventh symphony. The work, called the Leningrad Symphony, was first performed on March 5 in Kuibyshev, where the composer was evacuated. Four days later, the symphony sounded in the column hall of the Moscow House of Unions.

The Leningrad Symphony Dmitry Shostakovich on August 9 was performed in the blockade Leningrad.

This work of the composer has become a symbol of the fight against fascism and the stamina of Leningraders. The clouds are thickened again up to a year of the composer did not have any troubles with the authorities. Moreover, he received several Stalinist awards and honorary titles. Submitting to the party dictatorship Shostakovich "is aware of his mistakes." In his work, works of a military-patriotic nature and “friction” with power appear cease.

The personal life of Dmitry Shostakovich according to the memoirs of people close to the composer, Shostakovich was timid and insecure in communicating with women. His first love was the summer girl Natasha Cuba, to whom the thirteen -year -old Mitya dedicated a small musical prelude. In the year, a novice composer met his peer Tanya Glivenko. The seventeen -year -old young man without memory fell in love with a beautiful, well -educated girl.

Young people have a romantic relationship. Despite the ardent love, Dmitry did not think to make Tatyana proposals. In the end, Glivenko married her other fan. Only three years after that, Shostakovich invited Tanya to leave her husband and marry him. Tatyana refused - she was waiting for the child and asked Dmitry to forget about her forever. Realizing that his beloved cannot be returned, Shostakovich marries Nina Varzar - a young student.

Nina gave her husband a daughter and son. In marriage, they lived for more than 20 years, until the death of Nina. After the death of his wife, Shostakovich married two more times. The marriage with Margarita Kayonova was short -lived, and the third wife - Irina Supinskaya took care of the great composer until the end of his life path. The composer’s muse nevertheless became Tatyana Glivenko, whom he dedicated his first symphony and trio for piano, violin and cello.

The last composition of the composer was the sonata for Alta and piano. At the end of his life, Shostakovich was ill with lung cancer. In the year, the disease brought the composer to the grave. Shostakovich was buried in the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow. The awards of Dmitry Shostakovich Shostakovich not only scolded. From time to time, he received government awards.

By the end of his life, the composer accumulated a significant number of orders, medals and honorary titles. He was the hero of social labor, had three orders of Lenin, as well as the Order of Friendship of Peoples, the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor, the Silver Cross of the Austrian Republic and the French Order of Arts and Literature. He was a laureate of the International World of World and the Prize.

Shostakovich was an honorary doctor of music of the Oxford and Evanst North-West Universities.He was a member of the French and Bavarian Academies of elegant sciences, the English and Swedish royal music academies, the Santa Chemical Academy of Arts in Italy, etc. All these international awards and titles talk about one thing-the worldwide glory of the great composer of the 20th century.

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