Biography of the Herodiada

Jewish antiquities. They had a daughter named Salome. This tradition, however, is in contradiction with the evidence of the evangelists Matthew and Mark, who report that the Herodias was the wife of Philip, the brother of Herod Antipa, while he was not called Tetrarch - MK; MF in the scientific literature proposed a number of hypotheses about the name of the first husband of the Herodiada.

Some scientists proceed from the historicity of the message of Joseph Bvius, and the stories of the evangelists are considered erroneous. They usually object to this that the evangelists were unlikely to confuse Herod, about which Joseph was talking about, with his packed brother Tetrarch Philip, calling him the wife of Herodias while, according to Joseph, he was married to her daughter Salome, as well as to suggest that Salome was the daughter of Tetrarch Philip, who did not have children of Judea.

Supporters of a different hypothesis, believe that the first husband of the Herodias bore a double name Herod Philip, lived in Rome and was not a tetrarch. As Philip, he could be known in Galilee, although his “official” name was Herod; When the name Herod became dynastic, he became called Philip H. Hyoner et al. Finally, the third hypothesis of N. Kokkinino offers a variant of harmonization of the messages of the evangelists and Josephus Flavius, using the Slavic version of the “Jewish antiquities”, where the first husband of the Herodia is called Tetrarch Philip.

Within the framework of this hypothesis, the hyrodis of Antipa is already considered as the third husband of the Herodias: the first - Heroda, about whom Joseph is talking about, she left, and the Antipus was supposed to go out quite late, that is the second husband of the Herodiada, the tetrarch Philip had to be mentioned in the gospels. Only after the death of Philip 34, Herodiada married Herod Antipa mainly in order to maintain previous power in the tetrarchy of her husband.

In this case, the execution of John the Baptist was supposed to occur after the death of Philip, Comrade Herod Antipa at the time of acquaintance with the Herodia was married to the daughter of Arieta. Antipa fell in love with Herodias, but she, being the wife of his brother Herod, who had no dynastic claims to inherit power and lived in Rome, agreed to marry Antipa only if Antipa drives his first wife.

Antipa’s wife, having learned about this, turned to his father for help, who sent the troops against his son -in -law to punish him for the insult. The marriage of Antipa and Herodias still took place, although later they divorced the Jewish antiquities. According to the chronology of Josephus, all this happened after the death of Tetrarch Philip, who died in the twentieth year of the reign of Emperor Tiberius, the marriage of Antipa and Herodiada, according to Joseph, violated the Jewish traditions, but what exactly is not specified: this refers to either a violation of the commandment prohibiting the “discovery” of the wives of close relatives of the Leo –16 and or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or, The fact that the Herodias left her first husband, i.e.

the subsequent life of the Herodiad was connected with the fate of Antipa’s tetrarch. When Gai Caligula became the emperor after the death of Tiberius, Herodias persuaded Antipu to go to Rome and achieve the royal title, which shortly before that, until then, the unsuccessful brother of Herod I Agrippa [Jewish antiquities. Antipa did not achieve success and, on suspicion of conspiracy, was exiled to Caligula to Gaul or Spain.

When Caligula found out that the Herodias was the sister of Agrippa, he returned her personal funds and, believing that she would not want to share her husband’s fate, said that he will from now on her defender would be a brother. However, Herodiad decided to follow her husband in exile; The date of her death is unknown. In general, the characteristics of the Herodias as a strong woman who had an influence on her husband, Josephus and the evangelists coincide.

The gospels contain another important plot from the life of the Herodiad, which largely determined its image in the future tradition - participation in the history of the arrest and death of John the Baptist. At the same time, Antipa did not want to kill John, because he considered him the righteous MK; cf. However, he promised a feast on the occasion of Antipa’s Birthday in the presence of noble nobles that he would fulfill any desire for the guests of the daughter of the Herodias MK -23; MF –7.

Her name is not called, but in some early manuscripts it is said that it was "his [Heroda] daughter, Herodiad." According to her mother, she asked the head of John the Baptist as a reward, which was fulfilled, although Antipa himself did not want this MK –28; MF - Later he took the blame for the murder of MK the historicity of the Evangelist’s story about the execution of John the Baptist is doubtful by historians, in particular, he contradicts Josephus Flavius ​​about the reason for the conflict of John with Herod Antipa: this was not a new marriage of Tetrarch, but the enormous authority of the Baptist in the people of the Jewish antiquities.

At the same time, Joseph does not say anything about some role of the Herodia in the death of John. Another problem is the name of the daughter of the Herodia. According to Flavia, her name was Salome, she became the wife of Tetrarch Philip, and after his death of 34, she could be born in about 10 g. The story of the evangelists suggests that the daughter of Herodias, which was not named after the name, was at that time a young girl, dependent in her decision on her mother, and not the wife or widow of Tetrarch Philip.If you agree with this, then the Gospelists of MK and MF could hardly talk about the former husband of Herodiada Philip, but rather about her son -in -law, Joseph claims that he was married to the daughter of the Herodias; For hypotheses about the name of the first husband of the Herodias, see, as usual in such cases, the researchers suggest either the presence of a mistake in Flavius, who confused two women with the name of Salome, or declare the daughter of Herodias in the Gospels literary, and not a historical character, including because the description of the event in the Gospel of MK -29 is significantly reduced in the gospel of Matthew from Matthew.

MF –12 and practically lowered in the Gospel of Luke cf. In this case, the goal of Flavius ​​could be the opposition of the faithful to the law of John, mired in sin by the ruler and, because in the Christian exegez, the name of the Herodiada became a synonym for licentiousness, it compared with other wicked wives known from the Holy Scriptures, for example, Jezvel, which, like Herodias, persecuted the prophets.

Published on May 27, the latest renewal on May 27 to contact the editors.