Pushkins hobby biography

On the same day, Emperor Paul had a granddaughter, in honor of which prayers were in all churches and bells buzzed. So, by accidental coincidence, the birthday of the Russian genius was marked by universal folk jealousies. Symbol is the place of birth of the poet G. Moscow - the very heart of Russian life, Russia. The future poet was baptized on June 8 in the Church of the Epiphany in Elokhov.

Puffy passions, who led their ancestors both in the paternal and maternal line, had their influence on Pushkin. In addition to Alexander, the family was still children Olga and Lev belonged to the most educated part of the Moscow society. In their house, more precisely, in the apartment that Pushkin’s parents rented, poets, artists, musicians gathered.

The general gallomania, which dominated in society, the French education in the family with the French tutters on happiness, they were successfully balanced by the grandmother of the poet Maria Alekseevna and the famous nanny Arina Rodionovna, access to the beautiful libraries of her father, as well as the uncles of the poet V. Pushkin and distant relatives of the Buturlin - formed the mind and children's soul of Pushkin.

The poet wrote his first verses in his life in French. His nickname in the lyceum was a "Frenchman." At the age of 12, having received the begs of home education, Alexander was taken to study in a new one, which had just opened on October 19, the program of classes in the lyceum was extensive, but not so deeply thought out. The pupils, however, were intended to a high state career and had the rights to graduated from a higher educational institution.

Little number of students 29 people. Pushkin has preserved the lyceum friendship and the cult of the lyceum for life. The lyceum students published manuscript magazines and paid a lot of attention to their own literary creativity. From this issue, three friends of the poet became participants in the uprising against the king on December 14 in Pushkin with a triumph with a triumph in the exam his poem “Memolar in Tsarskoye Selo” in the presence of the famous poet G.

Derzhavin: “The old Derzhavin noticed us and, in the coffin, blessed us.” At a part -time act in Pushkin, he also read his own poem “Brightness”. Soon Pushkin moved to Petersburg and entered the collegium of foreign affairs with the rank of college secretary. Its communication is very wide: hussars, poets, literary societies “Arzamas” and “Green Lamp”, theaters, fashion restaurants, duels - “thank God, not deadly,” as E.

Karamzina reported to her brother Vyazemsky. But Pushkin did not dissolve in this variegated, he was looking for himself. Immediately after the end of the lyceum in the city of Mikhailovskoye Pskov province.

In the early years, after the end of the lyceum, he wrote the poems “Village”, “Brownie”, “Chaadaev”, the ode “Littleness”, the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”. The ideas of civic freedom, political radicalism, which was imbued with Russian society after the victory over Napoleon, was reflected in verse and the behavior of young Pushkin. Instead of Siberia, Pushkin was sent to the south with the troubles of friends.

Officially, it was a transfer of service in the city of Yekaterinoslavl under the beginning of General I. Inzov, the governor of Bessarabia. General Raevsky, who was traveling to the Caucasus with his son and two daughters, found me in delirium, without a doctor, behind a mug of glacious lemonade. His son, almost all summer, G. Pushkin lived in the Caucasus, where he began the poem "Caucasian captive".

Further with the Raevsky family through Taman, Kerch, Feodosia Pushkin arrived in the sea in Gurzuf and spent three weeks there: “I lived in Jurzuf, bathed into the sea and overeated grapes; I immediately got used to the midday nature and enjoyed it with all the indifference and carelessness of the Neapolitan Lazzarono ”from a letter to Delvig. Soon, through the St. George Monastery and Bakhchisaray Pushkin, he went to Simferopol and further to Chisinau, because the Office of Inzov moved there.

Not annoyed by almost any official assignments, for three years Pushkin lived in Inzov’s apartment, taking advantage of his unchanged location and warm care. The poet went from there to Kyiv, with. Kamenka, in Odessa, Ackerman, Bender, Ishmael and others. The impressions of these years were reflected in Pushkin’s southern poems: “Caucasian captive”, “Brothers - robbers”, “Bakhchisarai fountain”, “Gypsies”.

In Chisinau, the poem “Gavriliad” was written, and a novel in the verses “Eugene Onegin” was started. Kamenka Pushkin became close to members of a secret society, future “Decembrists”. In Chisinau, he was admitted to the Masonic box of Ovid. The noisy life of Odessa “in a variety of living”, with its variegated society, Italian opera, Parisian restaurants attracted Pushkin. He moved there in July, their relations did not work out for many reasons, and a year later, gr.

Vorontsov found both an occasion, and the reason for the removal of Pushkin to the estate of his mother with. The poet received the order of the Odessa mayor to strictly follow the indicated route in the city of Pskov, receiving for hiring the postal horses of the river. The situation under the double supervision of civilian and spiritual authorities, on the bail of parents, annoyed Pushkin's sensitive nature.

He made escape plans and, in despair, even asked to change the place of references to any of the sovereign fortresses.However, the soothing letters of friends, reconciled and soon remarked: “I am in the best position to graduate from my poetic novel by a heartfelt part in Pushkin’s fate was taken by his friends and neighbors in with. Communication with them, as well as observing the life of other surrounding landowners, gave the poet “Paints and materials for fictions, so natural, faithful and consonants with prose and with the poetry of the rural life of Russia” A.

The novel Eugene Onegin, half of which was created in Mikhailovsky, is rightfully considered an encyclopedia of Russian life. The impressions of Russian nature, the charm of the ancient Pskov land with its “noble mounds” and the settlements, communication with the peasants, with the nanny Arina Rodionovna-“everything worried about Pushkin’s gentle mind,” contributed to the comprehension of the soul of the Russian people, the national foundations of life: here I was a mysterious shield of poetry, like an angel-student, saved me, and I resurrected me.

According to the poet himself, his creative method has changed in Mikhailovsky. From the romanticism of the first years of youth, he turned to “romanticism for the true” realism. In Mikhailovsky, near the poet’s works were created: the village heads of the novel Eugene Onegin, the tragedy “Boris Godunov”, the poem “Count Nulin”, the end of the poem “Gypsies”, such poems as “Village”, “Mamping of the Qur'an”, “Prophet”, “Waccchian song”, “I remember a wonderful moment here, Pushkin, Pushkin, Pushkin.

Impulse to all creativity in the future. Friends considered Mikhailovskoye Pushkin’s poetic homeland. The death of Tsar Alexander I, the uprising in St. Petersburg on December 14, the New Tsar Nicholas I called the poet to Moscow urgently, allowed him to live, where he would want, and declared himself the personal censor of Pushkin. The last circumstance sometimes made it difficult to print some works by Pushkin, which he was constantly preoccupied with without other sources of income.

Pushkin is not allowed to go to the Caucasus to the army, they refuse to travel abroad. Before the city of Pushkin lives alternately in Moscow or in St. Petersburg. Twice after the exile, he visited Mikhailovsky. He visited the Tver friends - relatives of the hostess with. Trigorsky P. Osipova - in the village. Bernov, s. Pavlovsky, p. Malinniki in the old Tver province.

In May, G. received an indefinite answer, he immediately unauthorizedly left for the Caucasus without permission of the authorities. This is a journey along the Georgian Military Road, vivid impressions and numerous meetings with friends, participation in the military operations of the Russian Army, which took Arzrum, Pushkin described in the autobiographical work “Journey to Arzrum” upon returning the poet had to give a written explanation for the request of the chief of the gendarmes A.

Previously, such explanations were required from Pushkin about the “Gavriliada” and the poem “Andre Chenier”. A secret supervision was established over the poet, which was officially canceled only a few years after his death. The life of the poet of the second half of the 10ths was complex and contradictory: magazine relations and the fight against censorship, denunciations and dangerous political investigations, Benkendorf reprimands, as well as obscure circumstances of personal life.

But with all this main, poetry, creativity invariably remained in life. During these years, the poem “Poltava”, many poems, articles in magazines, “Roman in letters” were written, dramatic ideas are sighted. Father allocated him a village of Kistenevka with the souls of peasants, located in the Nizhny Novgorod province, near his own estate with. The poet went there in order to issue cases of introducing the estate, hoping to quickly manage, then lay the estate and return to Moscow to celebrate the wedding.

However, the cholera epidemic and quarantines installed everywhere that began in Moscow detained Pushkin in Boldin from September 7 to December 2 He was worried about the life of the bride, since it was dangerous to stay in cholera Moscow, he was tired and depressed. His first poems in Boldin are “Demons” and “Elegy” of the “Mad years of the faded fun of the bride’s tender faded fun.

The combination of silence and leisure, and at the same time the tension, born of a sense of approaching formidable events, revolutionary upheavals in Europe, cholera in Russia, spilled out of a creative rise even for Pushkin even for Pushkin. In Boldin's autumn, Pushkin’s talent reached a full heyday. He spent the first months of family life with his wife in Moscow, renting an apartment on Arbat in the Khitrovo house now a house in July G.